Is Height Growth Possible After Age 16?
Height is primarily limited by the closure of the growth plates (epiphyseal cartilage). During adolescence, the influence of hormones activates these growth areas in the bones, causing the bones to lengthen. Generally, these growth plates begin to close between ages 16-18 for males and 14-16 for females. Once the plates close, natural height growth halts because the bones no longer increase in length.
Physiologically, height growth after adolescence is quite limited. However, whether the growth plates have fully closed after age 16 can vary individually. In some young people, growth plates may close later, allowing for a small amount of continued growth during that period. To assess this, doctors typically perform radiological exams such as wrist X-rays to determine the status of the growth plates.
If the growth plates have closed, natural height increase is not possible. At this stage, the only way to increase height is through surgical procedures. Height lengthening surgery is applied primarily in centers specializing in orthopedics and traumatology. One of the most commonly used methods is the Ilizarov technique. Although originally developed for fracture treatment, this technique is successfully used for controlled bone lengthening.
The Ilizarov method involves performing a controlled osteotomy (bone cut) followed by gradual distraction of the bone using an external ring and wire system. During this process, new bone tissue forms as the bone is slowly pulled apart. Lengthening generally occurs at a rate of millimeters per day, and the total amount of increased height depends on an individual's bone health, age, and the region being lengthened. This method can achieve height increases of several centimeters.
Height lengthening surgeries not only aim to increase bone length but also provide additional benefits such as correcting deformities of the limbs (arms and legs), treating non-union fractures, and managing bone infections. If the postoperative period is not properly managed, complications like infection, nerve injury, and muscle stiffness may occur. For this reason, performing the surgery by an experienced multidisciplinary team is crucial.
These operations can also be performed for cosmetic reasons. Surgeries conducted for aesthetic concerns require intensive physical and psychological support. Rehabilitation after lengthening helps maintain muscle flexibility and prevents functional loss. Pediatric orthopedists and sports surgeons also recommend supportive measures to promote healthy growth in children and adolescents.
In summary, height growth after 16 usually does not occur naturally because the growth plates have closed. Nevertheless, the status of the growth plates should be individually evaluated, and surgical methods can be applied if necessary. Advanced limb reconstruction surgery methods like the Ilizarov technique provide a safe and effective opportunity for height lengthening. These surgeries require a multidisciplinary approach, and optimal outcomes depend on proper patient selection.